NM SESES
Sensor Kernel
The
sensor and actuator Kernels
The kernels sen3d and sen2d allow the numerical simulation of sensor and actuator devices. Their behavior can be modeled by any combination of electric, magnetic, thermal, mechanics, kinetics and fluidic fields.
Depending on the problem, the following equations are solved:
For example, consider, an electro-thermally actuated micro gripper structure. NM SESES can be used to model the physical properties of this device by starting with the electric current flow in the heating resistor, continuing with the heat transfer through the device in response to heat source and ending with the mechanical deformations of the bimorphic structure.
The user is able to control the level of sophistication in the course of the modeling. In a first trial, he or she will probably specify the material properties independent of the local temperature, as this is only a secondary effect with respect to the device operation. Therefore the ideal device characteristics are simulated. In later steps, by the activation of couplings between the fields, the user is able to compute the full device behavior. In this case the solution algorithm will become non-linear and therefore more time consuming.
Another complex application of SESES is the numerical simulation of fuel cells, where the Navier-Stokes equations, the kinetics of the electro-chemical reactions and heat generation are all coupled together. There are two major effects here; Firstly the production and consumption of species and heat, secondly the separation of charges across the electro-chemical double layer at the triple phase boundary. This conversion process from chemical into thermal and electrical energy strongly couples the different transport phenomena.
The kernels sen3d and sen2d allow the numerical simulation of sensor and actuator devices. Their behavior can be modeled by any combination of electric, magnetic, thermal, mechanics, kinetics and fluidic fields.
Depending on the problem, the following equations are solved:
- the Navier-Stokes equations in free space and/or porous media;
- the equations for transport of species and heat transfer;
- the Maxwell equations for ohmic current, electro static, magneto static and eddy current models;
- the elasticity equations of structural mechanics.
For example, consider, an electro-thermally actuated micro gripper structure. NM SESES can be used to model the physical properties of this device by starting with the electric current flow in the heating resistor, continuing with the heat transfer through the device in response to heat source and ending with the mechanical deformations of the bimorphic structure.
The user is able to control the level of sophistication in the course of the modeling. In a first trial, he or she will probably specify the material properties independent of the local temperature, as this is only a secondary effect with respect to the device operation. Therefore the ideal device characteristics are simulated. In later steps, by the activation of couplings between the fields, the user is able to compute the full device behavior. In this case the solution algorithm will become non-linear and therefore more time consuming.
Another complex application of SESES is the numerical simulation of fuel cells, where the Navier-Stokes equations, the kinetics of the electro-chemical reactions and heat generation are all coupled together. There are two major effects here; Firstly the production and consumption of species and heat, secondly the separation of charges across the electro-chemical double layer at the triple phase boundary. This conversion process from chemical into thermal and electrical energy strongly couples the different transport phenomena.